Building from Scratch: Stages and Key Considerations

 

Building from Scratch: Stages and Key Considerations

For those who wish to construct their own building, the process can be both exciting and complex. Taking the right steps with careful planning can save significant time and money. So, what are the stages of building from scratch, and what should be taken into consideration?

 

 

 

1.   Project and Planning Phase

 

A solid project is the foundation of construction. During this stage:

·         Needs analysis is conducted (residence, office, shop, etc.)

·         Collaboration with architects and engineers begins

·         Architectural plans are prepared according to zoning and soil survey

·         Necessary documents for permits are collected

 Note: Project drawings and engineering calculations must comply with regulations.

 

 

 

2. Legal Procedures and Permits

 

Before construction begins, official permissions must be obtained:

·         Building permit from the municipality

·         Title deed and zoning status documents

·         Soil survey report

·         Approval of static, mechanical, and electrical projects

 Warning: Unauthorized construction may result in penalties or even demolition.

 

 

 

3. Excavation and Foundation Work

 

The ground is excavated and prepared for the foundation:

·         Type of foundation (raft, pile, continuous footing) is determined based on soil condition

·         Steel reinforcement and concrete systems are set

·         Foundation concrete is poured

 Inspection: The structure must be inspected by an authorized construction supervision firm before pouring concrete.

 

 

 

4. Structural System and Floor Construction

 

The reinforced concrete structure is built:

·         Formwork and rebar installation for columns and beams

·         Concrete pouring on each floor

·         Proper curing between floors

 Tip: Concrete quality and test samples must be checked regularly.

 

 

 

5. Walls, Facade, and Insulation

 

The external walls and facade work begin:

·         Brick or aerated concrete walling

·         Exterior thermal insulation

·         Waterproofing (on terrace, basement)

·         Window and door installation

 Important: Thermal and waterproofing prevents future humidity and heat loss issues.

 

 

 

6. Electrical, Plumbing, and Mechanical Installations

 

This stage covers essential infrastructure systems:

·         Electrical wiring, outlets, and switches

·         Fresh water, sewage, and rainwater drainage systems

·         Natural gas, boiler, and radiator systems

·         Special systems such as elevators, generators, and fire escapes

 Caution: All systems must comply with TSE and relevant safety standards.

 

 

 

7. Interior Construction and Decoration

 

This phase focuses on aesthetics and functionality:

·         Drywall partitioning and ceiling applications

·         Painting and plastering

·         Flooring (ceramic, parquet, carpet, etc.)

·         Kitchen and bathroom installations

 Advice: Choose durable and long-lasting materials.

 

 

 

8. Post-Construction Procedures and Occupancy Permit

 

After construction is completed, the following documents must be obtained:

·         Building occupancy permit (iskan)

·         Energy performance certificate

·         Title deed registration

·         Delivery of common areas and landscaping

 Now the building is ready to move in!

 

 

 

Additional Key Considerations

 

·         Construction Supervision: Each phase must be independently inspected.

·         Cost Control: Create a detailed budget and allocate 10–15% for unexpected expenses.

·         Occupational Safety: Job site safety is a legal obligation.

·         Time Management: Efficiently manage supply chains to prevent delays.

 

 

 

Conclusion

 

Constructing a building from scratch can be a safe and efficient process when done with professional teams. This guide provides a solid foundation for those who want to understand the key stages and considerations.

“A solid structure begins with a strong foundation and well-thought-out planning.”

 

 

 

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Users apply this information at their own risk. Since every individual’s situation is unique, the content provided should not be relied upon as the sole basis for personal or business decisions. Always consult qualified professionals before making important decisions.

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